strident　かん高い，耳障りな.　レベル11

2014/12/20
毎日、新聞読む感覚で・・シャドウイング・・メモのような、単語帳のようなものです。

「Ｔ」数えて、前頭葉封鎖?? 音を耳の後ろの後頭部に送り込んで言語野を活性化??
１.【Tを指折り数える】←音聞きながらＴを指折り数えます。残りは耳の後ろのあたりで無意識に聞いている感じ。
２.【シャドウイングをする】←Ｔを数えた記事のスクリプト見ながらシャドウイング（音読）。
　　　←慣れてきたらシャドーを２重３重にすると生英語の記憶（音のまま記憶して後で考える）領域
　　　　が広がって行く・・

母音は捨てて「Ｔ」を意識したシャドウイングをする。
　　米語→舌を奥ののどちんこに向かって反って「うーうー」とうなるような感じ。
　　英語→「えｱ」と言って、口の形をキープしたまま、閉じずに、喉の奥の方まで「えｱ」にする感じ。

strident　　 　 　かん高い，耳障りな.　レベル11

hash out　とことん話し合う

シャドウイングを連続で数個続ける・・・

infallible 全然誤りのない.
satire 風刺
“North Koreans react to satire very sensitively and there were some cases that they complained about it harming the dignity of their leader in the past,” says Kim Yong-hyun.
http://www.voanews.com/content/mocking-kim-jong-un-is-serious-matter/2563247.html

bustling せわしい; 騒がしい，ざわめいた.
The usually bustling city of Peshawar appears subdued and the residents traumatized in the wake of the deadly assault on the school. There are heart-wrenching scenes as families mourn the losses.
http://www.voanews.com/content/survivors-relatives-tell-of-horror-affter-pakistan-school-attacks/2563711.html

retrench　節減する.削除する，省く.レベル26
Bokaako said he only found out about his lung condition a few years ago after he was retrenched, came back home to Lesotho and was screened by the class action campaign.
http://www.voanews.com/content/gold-miners-join-class-action-suit-in-south-africa-over-lung-disease/2557091.html

tuberculous　結核性　tuberculosis　結核
liable　，責任があって.
Silicosis　ケイ肺症
screen　粗目のふるい.ふるいにかける

reef　礁(しよう) レベル8
acidity 酸味; 酸(性)度.
cobble 丸石
boulder 丸石
She and hundreds of other volunteer divers are trained to track the health of kelp forests, as well as coral and rocky reefs found around California.
http://www.voanews.com/content/citizen-scientists-protect-rocky-reefs/2546848.html

enamored 夢中になって ほれて enamor 魅惑する
Collectors pay a lot for Yazzie artwork. Abby Kent Flythe has been enamored with Navajo jewelry since she was just seven. Now she is a dealer.
http://www.voanews.com/content/navajo-jewelry-shines-in-new-york-city/2544819.html

bipolar 二極(式)の
Abilify, a drug used to help people with bipolar disorder, is a grade C drug, but its container doesn't say this, and there are no studies in humans that show what effect this drug might have on a fetus or a nursing baby.
http://www.voanews.com/content/new-drug-labels-aid-pregnant-nursing-women/2548211.html

patronizing　恩着せ顔の　レベル10
scourge　天罰
But the Band Aid 30 release has not been universally welcomed in Africa. Ethiopian music teacher Ezra Ababate says the title - ‘Do They Know It’s Christmas?’ - is patronizing.
“Ethiopians accepted Christianity in the first century," he said. "We know it is Christmas.
http://www.voanews.com/content/african-stars-give-band-aid-thirty-ebola-track-cool-welcome/2538689.html

circumcision　割礼.
It does, to a certain extent. Studies show that male circumcision reduces the risk of contracting HIV. Yet the clinic’s medical staff counsels these men to also use condoms.
http://www.voanews.com/content/south-africa-sees-male-circumcision-as-way-to-reduce-hiv-infections/2538279.html

amphibious 水陸両生の　レベル１７
At the same time on the Korean Peninsula’s southeast coast, more than 1,000 South Korean marines conducted an amphibious landing exercise with U.S. support.
http://www.voanews.com/content/tensions-build-on-korean-peninsula-amid-military-drills/2529279.html

deport　追放する
Obama said, "or offer the same benefits that citizens receive. Only Congress can do that. All we’re saying is we’re not going to deport you."
http://www.voanews.com/content/hispanics-welcome-obama--immigration-action-with-reservations/2528971.html

humid　湿気のある
Lamporte said safe removal of the current suit requires about 20 steps, which creates opportunity for error. And West Africa's hot, humid climate makes it uncomfortable for health workers to spend more than 40 minutes inside the airtight suit.
http://www.voanews.com/content/better-protective-suit-sought-ebola-caregivers/2528480.html

ailing　 病気の[で], 患って(いる) レベル11
Since the G20 is primarily an economic forum, Russia is using the summit to bolster its ailing global standing, he said.
http://www.voanews.com/content/worl-leaders-arrive-in-australia-for-g20-summit/2520383.html

dire　悲惨な　差し迫った.
But I think as Lebanese we saw dire situations and we overcame them. So you have to adjust your business plan accordingly," said Ghosn.
http://www.voanews.com/content/lebanese-winemakers-thrive-despite-war-next-door/2520571.html

saline 塩分を含んだ; 塩気のある，塩辛い. レベル13
faze　口もきけないほどびっくりさせる
irrigate　〉水を注ぐ[引く], 灌漑(かんがい)する.
But that doesn't faze Dutch farmer Marc Van Rijsselberghe, who has used saline water to kill some plants in order to identify which ones are able to thrive.
http://www.voanews.com/content/farming-with-salty-water-is-possible/2510044.html

cognitive　認識[認知]の.
http://www.voanews.com/content/study-holistic-approaach-to-alzheimers-treatment-may-reverse-memory-loss/2511249.html

pad　(ロケットなどの)発射台; (ヘリコプターの)離陸場.レベル5
“Because not only was this a major source of revenue for the company, this commercial cargo contract, but we don’t know yet how much damage has been done to the launch pad and it’s the only pad from which the Antares vehicle could be launched," said Logsdon.
http://www.voanews.com/content/us-private-space-industry-suffers-setback/2501378.html

ignite　発火する.
hitch　引っかける　障害，故障.

flavanol　フラバノール
On humans, the researchers say they “found noticeable improvements in the function of the dentate gyrus in those who consumed the high-cocoa-flavanol drink.”
http://www.voanews.com/content/cocoa-extract-flavanols-improve-memory-in-older-adults/2498424.html

maze　迷路，迷宮　レベル8
Montpelier Farms in Prince George’s County in Maryland, about 40 kilometers from Washington offers a corn maze, a hayride, a pumpkin patch and farm animals.
http://www.voanews.com/content/farmers-diversify-businesses-to-attract-tourists/2495878.html

agritourism 観光農業; グリーン・ツーリズム

grazing 牧草地.
“The biggest threats facing cheetahs primarily are a human-wildlife conflict; loss of habitat, loss of prey, loss of grazing lands,” she explained.
http://www.voanews.com/content/racing-to-save-the-cheetah/2492859.html

pasture 牧草.
protracted 長引いた，長引く.

deplete　使い尽くす，枯渇させる.レベル10
And as pasture is depleting and riverbeds such as these ones are drying up, thousands that rely on this trade for survival fear a renewed humanitarian crisis in the region.
http://www.voanews.com/content/un-somalis-need-food-not-just-security-improvements/2487370.html

bully　いじめる.
But recent reports say complaints of abuse in South Korea’s armed forces are on the rise.
http://www.voanews.com/content/south-korea-military-conscripts-violence/2487295.html

Analysts say Obama and his party are hoping the number of cases in the U.S. does not rise significantly before next month’s elections.
http://www.voanews.com/content/obama-fights-ebola-political-fallout/2487679.html

tribute 賛辞 年貢 レベル5
Kadri and other experts pointed out Friday that while giving the Nobel Peace Prize to two children’s rights advocates is a tribute to the work they have done, it is also a statement about how much more work there is to do.
http://www.voanews.com/content/education-activist-malala-joint-winner-nobel-peace-prize/2479118.html

incline 傾斜
dune 砂丘
and allowed us to modify those waves to make the kind of maneuvers that the snake did on sandy dunes of different inclines, that is laying down more robot as the hill angle increased
http://www.voanews.com/content/robot-takes-cues-from-deadly-rattlesnake/2478545.html

suffrage (賛成)投票 レベル11
We have been very consistent in voicing our support to the People’s Republic of China for universal suffrage and for the aspirations of the Hong Kong people, and we’re going to continue to do so," he said.
http://www.voanews.com/content/us-watches-hong-kong-protests-weighs-approach/2472317.html

importation　 輸入.
“It is inevitable that the longer this epidemic exists, the bigger it gets, the greater the risk of importation events like we have just seen,” Kenyon told reporters Thursday. “So, while we regret that this [Texas case of Ebola] has occurred, we hope the best for the gentleman's health.
http://www.voanews.com/content/health-officials-ebola-unlikely-to-spread-in-dallas/2471194.html

fabric　 布，織物　構造，組織
sediment　沈殿物，おり.
The new map shows the fabric of the seafloor as never seen before with thousands of underwater mountains, ridges where continents had pulled apart, and extinct earthquake activity buried deep under layers of sediment.
http://www.voanews.com/content/scientists-look-to-space-to-map-ocean-floor/2471716.html

streak しま　レベル6
row 列
uncork　コルク栓を抜く.
“It’s certainly nice to see a rebound after the disastrous first quarter that we had," he said. "But as I like to say - one in a row is not a streak.”
http://www.voanews.com/content/united-states-economy-rebounds-second-quarter/2464048.html

ay　賛成
“The ayes to the right, 524," he said. "The no's to the left, 43. So the ayes have it, the ayes have it.”
http://www.voanews.com/content/airstrikes-islamic-state-syria/2463109.html

rig 八百長をする. レベル8
nepotism 縁故採用.
The protesters, led by opposition politician Imran Khan and Canada-based cleric Tahirul Qadri, allege rigging in the last general election and blame the government for a culture of corruption and nepotism.
http://www.voanews.com/content/pakistan-political-turmoil-image/2440387.html

reel めまいがする. レベル6
sip [ちびりちびり]飲む.
http://www.voanews.com/content/growing-business-offers-paint-with--twist-of-wine/2432754.html

conjecture 推量，推測，憶測.
When such conjecture comes up and allegations about the Russian invasion are made ... it is probably connected to the fact that the rebels pushed the government troops back," Russia’s foreign minister, Sergei Lavrov, said Friday.
conjectureではない。国際社会の一員としての義務を果たすべき。
"We urge Russia to cease its illegal military actions, stop its support to armed separatists, and take immediate and verifiable steps towards de-escalation of this grave crisis," Rasmussen said.

paralysis まひ
Analysts say the political paralysis is allowing Taliban insurgents to gain and hold ground in some parts of the country.
http://www.voanews.com/content/chaotic-afghan-vote-recount-threatens-nations-future/2432996.html

pollinate 授粉する レベル17　
barbed とげ[悪意]のある
solitary ひとりぼっちの
intersperse まき散らす
http://www.voanews.com/content/native-bees-may-help-save-crops/2424105.html

http://www.voanews.com/content/debilitating-disease-gets-windfall-support-through-social-media/2419452.html
A few months later, the ice bucket campaign took off. His friends challenged him, but Lewis wasn’t sure.

shale 頁岩(けつがん) レベル16
drain　排水する
oil‐rig　油田掘削装置[プラットホーム].
The once-sleepy town of Williston, North Dakota, is now a booming hub of business, thanks to new ways to extract oil from shale deposits in the region. And everyone wants a piece of the action.
http://www.voanews.com/content/oil-wealth-attracts-businesses-to-north-dakota/2415398.html

ripple　さざなみ
"The ripple effect here is interesting because once this canal is completed and these ships are able to transit the canal, you’re going to see a lot more cities around the world competing for improving their ports so they can support those larger ships," he said.
http://www.voanews.com/content/panama-canal-turns-100-amid-growing-pains-competition/2412671.html

swarm　うじゃうじゃした群れ
http://www.voanews.com/content/tiny-robots-swarm-into-shapes/2414982.html

arsenal　兵器庫 レベル9
“Over the course of these last 60 or 70 years, at least in our arsenal, there have been more than 1200 accidents," she said.
http://www.voanews.com/content/cold-war-deterrent-poses-new-world-safety-concerns/2406578.html

unbleached 未さらし
http://www.voanews.com/content/farm-to-table-concept-distinguishes-diner-chain/2407562.html

mutual 相互の
Analyst Richard Downie agrees. "I think at heart, the U.S. and China have mutual interests in Africa. They're both interested in peace, stability and security because that's the best environment in which to grow markets and do business."
http://www.voanews.com/content/us-takes-different-approach-to-africa-than-china/1973328.html

congregation　集合，会合.
Father Aesha said his congregation would support an independent Kurdish state.
http://www.voanews.com/content/religious-minorities-find-sanctuary-in-kurdistan/2407848.html

belch げっぷする レベル15
“These sites belch out mercury, selenium and poison, some of them in perpetuity," she said.
http://www.voanews.com/content/americans-angry-about-power-plant-pollution/1969463.html

perpetuity 永続，永存，不滅.

audit　会計検査，(会社などの)監査.
“Both candidates have agreed to abide by the results of the audit and that the winner of the election will serve as president and will immediately form a government of national unity," said Kerry.
http://www.voanews.com/content/chaotic-afghan-vote-recount-threatens-nations-future/1970130.html

carnage　大虐殺.
After four years of carnage and more than 16 million dead soldiers and civilians, three empires that had lasted for centuries - Austro-Hungarian, Russian and Ottoman - gradually ceased to exist and many new nations emerged, says Mike Heffernan, professor of historical geography at the University of Nottingham.
http://www.voanews.com/content/how-wwi-changed-the-map-of-europe/1970075.html

harvester　収穫者; 刈り取り人夫.
"The bit harvester is an electronic device designed to monitor remotely -- using SMS -- wind turbines and solar installations.
http://www.voanews.com/content/fab-lab-igniting-revolution-in-kenya/1969051.html

bumpy でこぼこの　レベル11
fabulous　伝説上の，伝説的な.
The ride can be wild and bumpy, but the message put out by every Peshmerga patrol is clear - order will be kept, and those who challenge it face the barrels of many guns.
http://www.voanews.com/content/kurdish-peshmerga-force-secures-kirkuk-and-its-oil/1961585.html

astrophysics　天体物理学.　
“Most missions we do, whether they are planetary or astrophysics, we do it with international partners. It’s really the way we do business now," she said.
http://www.voanews.com/content/nature-of-space-exploration-enters-new-age/1961292.html

tarnish　曇らせる，さびさせる，変色させる.
grumble　ぶつぶつ不平を言う　
hallmark　太鼓判
Such tight controls over Thailand once much-freer media and social networks have become a hallmark of the junta’s rule.

asteroid　 ヒトデ.　小惑星
Part of NASA's Extreme Environment Mission Operations (NEEMO) program, which is designed to test concepts related to future visits to near-Earth asteroids
http://www.voanews.com/content/astronauts-train-in-underwater-lab/1965437.html

quagmire 沼地，泥沼　レベル11
combing　すく[くしけずる]こと.
coercion　威圧，弾圧政治.
benign　恵み深い，親切な，優しい.
"I think there will be more sanctions. Because, I don't think that Russia, even if it wanted to, can pull out of this Ukrainian quagmire quite soon," said von Eggert.
http://www.voanews.com/content/russia-ukraine-leaders-trade-blame-for-malaysia-airline-crash/1960838.html
http://www.voanews.com/content/new-thailand-hotline-targets-misbehaving-monks/1965179.html

reminiscent しのばせて 〔of〕
eerily 不自然で不気味な方法で
blunt ぶっきらぼうな 無遠慮な，無愛想な. 鈍い
Australia’s prime minister, Tony Abbott, is among the leaders most blunt in demanding an explanation from Moscow.“The initial response of the Russian Ambassador was to blame Ukraine for this, and I have to say that is deeply, deeply unsatisfactory,” said Abbott.
http://www.voanews.com/content/malaysia-reeling-second-air-disaster-in-four-months/1960912.html

offshoot　分かれ，分家.
"Hamas doesn't see Egypt as an honest broker because Hamas -- as an offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood -- is not treated as a legitimate player by the Egyptian government," said American University professor Guy Ziv.
http://www.voanews.com/content/obama-prepared-to-send-kerry-to-middle-east-for-talks-on-gaza/1960877.html

downpour　　どしゃ降り.　 レベル13
Inclement 不良な，荒れ模様の.
nclement weather also is tested on the Smart Road. A 1,900-liter water tank [500,000 gallon] feeds into 75 weather-making towers. The towers can create snow, fog, freezing rain and heavy downpours.
http://www.voanews.com/content/smart-road-talks-to-car-warns-of-dangers/1955983.html

renowned 有名な，高名な.
In recent years, the guesthouse has developed a reputation as a world-renowned jazz club.
http://www.voanews.com/content/hotel-in-rio-favela-attracts-jazz-enthusiasts/1955788.html

impunity 刑罰[害，損失]を受けない[免れる]こと
Ukraine’s government must end the culture of impunity, says Amnesty’s Denis Krivosheev.
http://www.voanews.com/content/amnesty-abduction-torture-rampant-in-eastern-ukraine/1955794.html

trail　引きずる，引きずっていく.
Preliminary results show Abdullah trailing Ghani by about one million votes, but Abdullah rejects those results and has alleged widespread fraud and ballot-box stuffing.
http://www.voanews.com/content/kerry-hopes-solution-can-be-found-afghan-vote-dispute/1955292.html

inscription　碑文　 刻むこと
huddle　ごたごた集める
regiment　 連隊
obnoxious　不快な，いやな.レベル11
sleet　みぞれ
bleacher　外野席.
clairvoyant　透視の，千里眼の.
おえらがた　 brass
tweak つねる レベル13
aberration　正道[常軌]をはずれること;
trajectory　弾道，曲線.　
reverberate　反響する; 〈場所が〉〔音で〕反響する 〔with〕.
egregious　実にひどい，言語道断な，とてつもない.
magnate 有力者，大物
disparage　軽蔑する，見くびる.
procurement　獲得; (必需品の)調達，買い上げ
accolade 栄誉，称賛.レベル12
brazen 真ちゅう(製)の.厚かましい.　レベル11
cardiovascular 心循環系の
blight　胴枯れ病
crumble くずにする，粉にする，砕く.
palate　味覚 レベル12
ferment　発酵させる.
grueling へとへとに疲れさせる，厳しい.
prerogative　特権，特典; 大権

Ｕ２

モーニングジョー・・
http://www.msnbc.com/morning-joe

・母音を意識すると、日本語のあいうえおが勝ってしまう上、英語、米語、方言によって
微妙に違うので対応が難しい。しかし、「Ｔ」なら、方言の影響をほとんど受けない。

・これは、はやりの脳トレに近い。脳の前頭葉？で「Ｔ」を含む単語を集中して聞き分けて数えるのと、脳の違うところ言語野?で何となく意味をとる脳のマルチタスクトレーニングでちょっと頭がしびれてくるような感覚だ！

・集中切れても、すぐ復活できる。途中でわからなくなっても、「Ｔ」を捜して、すぐに復活できる

国際ニュースはこちらで・・
http://livestation.com/